IELTS

IELTS · Environment & Society · Beginner

English · 100 cards

Common Environment & Society vocabulary for the IELTS, with example sentences.

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nature

n. the world of plants, animals, and land

I love walking in nature on weekends.
tree

n. a tall plant with a trunk and branches

A big tree grows in our garden.
river

n. a large stream of water flowing to the sea

Children swim in the river in summer.
air

n. the gases around us that we breathe

We need clean air to stay healthy.
water

n. the clear liquid we drink and use

Plants need water to grow well.
animal

n. a living thing that can move and feel

The zoo has many wild animals.
plant

n. a living thing that grows in the ground

She waters the plant every morning.
forest

n. a large area covered with trees

Many birds live in the forest.
mountain

n. a very high area of land

We climbed the mountain last summer.
sea

n. the large body of salt water

The sea looks blue today.
sky

n. the space above the earth

The sky is clear and sunny.
rain

n. water falling from clouds

We stayed home because of the rain.
sun

n. the bright star that gives us light

The sun rises in the east.
weather

n. the state of the air, hot or cold

The weather is nice for a picnic.
clean

adj. not dirty

We keep our park clean.
dirty

adj. not clean

The water in the lake is dirty.
garden

n. a place where plants and flowers grow

My grandmother grows roses in her garden.
flower

n. the colorful part of a plant

She picked a flower in the field.
city

n. a large town where many people live

Many people move to the city for work.
town

n. a place smaller than a city

I grew up in a small town.
home

n. the place where you live

I feel happy when I am at home.
people

n. more than one person

Many people care about the planet.
family

n. parents and children together

My family eats dinner together.
friend

n. a person you like and trust

My friend helps me clean the beach.
park

n. a public area with grass and trees

The children play in the park.
street

n. a public road in a town

We planted trees along the street.
road

n. a way for cars to travel on

A new road connects the two towns.
car

n. a vehicle with four wheels

Cars make a lot of pollution.
bus

n. a large vehicle that carries many people

I take the bus to school.
bike

n. a vehicle with two wheels you pedal

Riding a bike is good for the air.
trash

n. things you throw away

Please put your trash in the bin.
bin

n. a container for rubbish

There is a bin on every corner.
recycle

v. to use things again instead of throwing away

We recycle paper and plastic at home.
plastic

n. a light man-made material

Plastic bottles harm the ocean.
paper

n. a thin material for writing on

We should use less paper.
energy

n. power used to make things work

Solar panels make clean energy.
light

n. brightness that lets us see

Turn off the light to save energy.
heat

n. the feeling of being warm

The summer heat was very strong.
cold

adj. having a low temperature

The winter is very cold here.
hot

adj. having a high temperature

It is too hot to go outside.
warm

adj. a little hot, in a pleasant way

Spring days are warm and sunny.
green

adj. the color of grass and leaves

We want a greener city.
grass

n. green plants that cover the ground

The kids sat on the grass.
leaf

n. a flat green part of a plant

The leaf turned yellow in autumn.
fruit

n. the sweet part of a plant we eat

We grow fruit in the back garden.
food

n. what we eat to live

We should not waste food.
farm

n. land used to grow crops or keep animals

My uncle works on a farm.
field

n. open land used for crops or sport

Cows eat grass in the field.
fire

n. the heat and light from burning

A fire burned part of the forest.
smoke

n. the gray cloud from burning

Smoke from cars dirties the air.
noise

n. a loud or unpleasant sound

City noise can be tiring.
quiet

adj. with little or no noise

The countryside is very quiet.
safe

adj. free from danger

The park is safe for children.
help

v. to make things easier for someone

We help our neighbors clean up.
share

v. to give a part of something to others

We share food with poor families.
save

v. to keep something from being lost

We must save water every day.
waste

v. to use too much or badly

Do not waste electricity.
grow

v. to become bigger

Plants grow in the spring.
protect

v. to keep safe from harm

We must protect wild animals.
neighbor

n. a person who lives near you

My neighbor shares vegetables with us.
community

n. the people living in one area

The whole community joined the cleanup.
school

n. a place where children learn

The school has a small garden.
shop

n. a place where you buy things

The shop sells local fruit.
market

n. a place where people buy and sell

We buy fresh food at the market.
village

n. a small group of houses in the country

The village is near a green hill.
hill

n. a small mountain

We walked up the green hill.
lake

n. a large area of water with land around

We had a picnic by the lake.
beach

n. the land of sand next to the sea

We cleaned the beach last weekend.
sand

n. tiny grains on a beach

The children played in the sand.
stone

n. a small piece of rock

He threw a stone into the lake.
bird

n. an animal with wings that can fly

A bird made a nest in the tree.
fish

n. an animal that lives in water

The river has many small fish.
dog

n. a common pet animal

I walk my dog in the park.
cat

n. a small furry pet animal

The cat sleeps in the warm sun.
insect

n. a small animal with six legs

Bees are useful insects.
ground

n. the surface of the earth

The seeds fell on the ground.
earth

n. the planet we live on

We must take care of the earth.
world

n. all the people and places on earth

Pollution is a problem for the world.
problem

n. a thing that is hard to deal with

Traffic is a big problem in the city.
change

n. when something becomes different

The weather change worries farmers.
future

n. the time that is coming

We must think about the future.
clean up

v. to make a place tidy

Volunteers clean up the river.
walk

v. to move on foot

I walk to work to save energy.
ride

v. to travel on a bike or animal

She rides her bike every day.
live

v. to have your home in a place

Many animals live in the forest.
breathe

v. to take air into the body

It is hard to breathe in smoky air.
drink

v. to take liquid into the body

We drink clean water every day.
move

v. to go to a new place

Many families move to big cities.
build

v. to make something like a house

They build new homes near the park.
travel

v. to go from one place to another

Many people travel by train.
busy

adj. full of activity

The city street is always busy.
crowded

adj. full of too many people

The bus was very crowded today.
poor

adj. having little money

Poor families need more help.
rich

adj. having a lot of money

Rich countries use more energy.
healthy

adj. strong and not sick

Walking keeps us healthy.
fresh

adj. new and not old

We eat fresh vegetables every day.
local

adj. from the area near you

We support local farmers.
public

adj. for everyone to use

We use public transport often.
care

v. to feel that something is important

Many young people care about nature.
join

v. to take part in something

I want to join the clean-up group.

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